UFOs Essays (1021 words) - Unidentified Flying Objects, Ufology

UFO's Pretty much every human advancement in history that has kept a recorded history has recorded the sightings of abnormal articles and lights in the skies. These articles have been depicted as shining wheels, hued wads of light, and plate formed objects. Today unexplained airborne wonders are by and large alluded to as unidentified flying articles (UFO's) or flying saucers. The impacts of extra earthbound sightings can adversy affect individuals whenever impacted the incorrect way. No strong confirmation has indicated that UFO's are genuine, yet numerous sightings can't be demonstrated something else. The media, stories, or one's own experience may regularly impact what one accepts. The administration once expressed that they had caught extra terrestrials. (an hour, CBS) despite what might be expected, most researchers presently concur that practically all sightings and accounts of extra terrestrials are definitely not true. The United States government has records of thousands of UFO sightings since 1948, including photographs of supposed UFOs and meetings with individuals who guarantee to have seen them. Since UFOs were viewed as a potential security hazard, the report on these sightings was initially delegated mystery. (Craig, 917) When the report was later declassified it demonstrated that 90 percent of all UFO sightings could be handily clarified. The vast majority of the sightings ended up being heavenly articles, for example, stars or splendid planets like Venus, or then again air occasions, for example, auroras or meteors falling through the environment. Numerous different sightings ended up being items, for example, climate inflatables, satellites, airplane lights, or developments of flying creatures. Regularly these sightings were joined by uncommon climate conditions. Just 5.6 percent of these cases were not clarified. Declarations by individuals are frequently off base and performed. Individuals tend to clarify all that they see, which isn't as a rule totally precise. The independent natural eye can be fooled into mind flight and has an incorrect profundity observation. Reflections from windows and eyeglasses can give an optical hallucination of a UFO. Radar is considerably more solid to recognize objects, yet it can't recognize numerous attributes that different characteristic wonders and physical articles. Radar frequently gets ionized gas, downpour, or warm discontinuities. Electronic impedance is additionally a regular issue. In any case, researchers are left with numerous unanswered inquiries. There are numerous puzzles about UFO's with numerous uncertain answers. Numerous examiners have attempted to unravel some impossible to miss inquiries regarding UFO's, yet huge numbers of their ends can't be demonstrated. In 1968 the United States Air Force asked Edward U. Condon, a physicist at the University of Colorado, to head a board examining the cases of extraterrestrial artworks. (Unidentified Flying Objects, Encarta reference book) The advisory group's last report was inspected by an uncommon board of trustees of the National Academy of Sciences and discharged in mid 1969. The 37 researchers who added to the report talked with UFO witnesses and contemplated physical and photographic proof. The report, otherwise called the Condon Report, inferred that not exclusively was there no proof of extraterrestrial control of UFOs yet in addition that no further UFO contemplates were required. Their recommendation was acknowledged by the United States, however for other autonomous research centers it was insufficient. Regardless of whether an individual trusts UFO's are, indeed, genuine or not is presumably on account of impact from the media. For example, the raving success film Freedom Day was a film about outsiders assaulting Earth so they can keep it for themselves. The organization that made the film, FOX, has been advancing extra earthbound plans to focus on media UFO's. The organization purchased the stretch of interstate 375 outside the strange mystery army installation named Area 51, which has a significant influence in the film. In it, a few outsiders were caught and put away alongside their airplane. Truth be told, the legislature has reported that it has caught outsiders and their airplane, however that was later denied. (Woolward, 912) This has been supposed to be the reason for the immense measure of UFO reports since 1948. The administration additionally denied that Area 51 even existed for quite a long while, despite the fact that it had been shot commonly. Today, the army installation is believed to be a vigorously protected test sight for some covertness planes being developed for the military, including some conceivable flying saucers. This sight is liable for a few of the military's top planes utilized today. Neighborhood occupants persevere that they have never seen any UFO's that couldn't be clarified by the military's ethereal trials. Sightseers swear they have seen a few UFO's that couldn't be whatever else however extra earthbound. Numerous magazines and tabloids visit the territory to report about such sightings and print there own unrealistic

Teamwork - Collaboration vs. Competition in Business is similiar in Essay

Cooperation - Collaboration versus Rivalry in Business is similiar in sports - Essay Example Sports is relaxation, a method of diversion, it tends to be for amusement or leisure activity while business for the greater part of us is for living. Assortments are accessible in both the exercises. Business can be of changing size observing distinctive modern principles and sports are likewise from singular business visionary to huge associations. In the event that a game where group execution is included is contrasted and an association or a unit of association some significant highlights are as per the following: The shared objective of winning is significant for the community endeavors. Certain degree of rivalry will be consistently there inside an association or group among the players to demonstrate one better than the other. It turns into the obligation of the pioneer or the head to guide them as per vision and objectives and take out best from them. Cooperation is a collective exertion of the individuals from group towards a very much characterized objective. Maxwell has given The 17 Indisputable Laws of Teamwork. These laws are noteworthy and spread practically all the movement or activity of any group. This law clarifies the need of cooperative endeavors to accomplish any objective. In a business where different divisions and individuals from various fields and territories are enrolled to accomplish objectives of benefits, not single tasks or advertising office will be accomplish objectives of benefit alone. Advertising individuals make guarantees for what to be conveyed and the activities individuals convey these guarantees. This is a wide case of business. To accomplish enormity the quality will originate from being together. In this condition the centrality of a solitary part is in the group not the only one. Inside a group with community oriented endeavors the individual may contribute accomplishing a similar objective which he would have never been accomplished alone. At the point when an individual works in a group he takes a gander at the master plan of the exhibition. This image is introduced to him by the group chief of the group. The most significant thing for the individuals becomes Goal

The Concept Of Sustainability In The Hotel Industry Tourism Essay Essay Example

The Concept Of Sustainability In The Hotel Industry Tourism Essay Over the mature ages, maintainability and ecological issues have increased significant going to in friendly gathering, touristry and bearing projects.A Across the universe, medicines on economical improvement including that of cheerful gathering industry are progressing ; in reality the genial gathering industry is taking a genuine note of it. This section examines on issues, difficulties and inclinations that cheerful gathering industry is going up against and might go up against in the coming mature ages in front. Eco Responsible Approach and the top issues that may follow up on the planetary warm gathering industry in the coming mature ages in front including supportable turn of events, calls for green agreeable gathering, work cost, multicultural issues and higher guidance are taken effectively. Most recent Trends in the heartfelt gathering, approaches to increase visitor involvement with cheerful gathering and visitor viewpoints to green ventures will be talked about. Further, the features refering to visitor requests for maintainable stocks A ; administrations will be secured. We will compose a custom exposition test on The Concept Of Sustainability In The Hotel Industry Tourism Essay explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on The Concept Of Sustainability In The Hotel Industry Tourism Essay explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom paper test on The Concept Of Sustainability In The Hotel Industry Tourism Essay explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer Cardinal words: Sustainable ; Issues ; Challenges ; Trends ; Hospitality Industry 7.2 Sustainability, Tourism A ; Hospitality: The build of supportable improvement was abdominal muscle initio taken with regards to the cultural indexs and thereupon extended to go to the natural indexs. The World Commission on Environment and Development ( The Brundtland Commission ) promoted the build of economical improvement in 1987. We may indicate maintainable advancement as: Development that fulfills the needs of the present without trading off the capacity of future coevalss to run into their ain requests. World Tourism Organization ( UNWTO ) has referenced that Sustainable touristry improvement satisfies the needs of present tourers and host parts, while ensuring and uplifting chances for the great beyond. It is imagined as taking to bearing of all assets in such a way, that financial, cultural and tasteful requests can be satisfied, while keeping social solidarity, key natural techniques, organic decent variety and life emotionally supportive networks. The components of supportability includes of following components: competency heading ; eco-proficiency ; monetary course ; creations ; operational open introduction ; stock open introduction. partner heading ; and feasible course ; Supportability designs are going dynamically normal and the issues refering to maintainability hold become an essential part of the cultural and political medications in the greater part of the states. These yearss a considerable lot of the little concerns need to battle for perseverance in a vast expanse of rivalries with cardinal members, amalgamations and uber enterprises. There is a solid drive for reasonable turn of events and along these lines request of commitment of all partners including nearby networks. Further there is a solid interest for instructing the juvenile individuals on the natural issues and transfusing the qualities in their minds to do the universe a superior topographic point where to populate. The develop of supportability in the Hotel Industry: The sincere gathering industry is a tiny bit at a time going one of the extraordinary delineations of why running a manageable concern will be significant for since a long time ago run achievement. Characterized at the 1992 UN Conference on Environment and Development in Rio de Janeiro as satisfying the needs of the present without trading off the capacity of future coevalss to run into their ain requests , supportability is continuously going one of the most applicable issues to hotelkeepers in the twenty-first century as costs keep on lifting, request turns out to be dynamically delicate and the power per unit territory on being financially, socially and naturally capable develops. Because of the turning ecological corruption, society is compelled to go continuously aware of the interest of following and actualizing progressively strong strides of natural assurance. Supportable turn of events, including the improvement of an increasingly manageable manufactured condition, has in this way become a priority and a test of our clasp. A figure of surveies show that the inn business has an of import obligation in this system. The planetary lodging industry, comprising of arranged establishments, comprises one of the majority of import segments of the touristry business. Lodgings give change and offer high level of assets for use ( including vitality, H2O, consumables ) in inn establishments, the ecological footmark of inns is regularly bigger than those of different sorts of structures of same size. Research has uncovered that the inns are enormous clients of buyer products ; squander coevals is one of the more seeable effects the inn business has on the earth. Fitti ng to an IHEI ( 2002 ) estimation, an ordinary inn green goodss in overflow of 1 kilogram of waste for each visitor day, which, for a common establishment, outcomes in a huge number of waste every month. These figures plainly mirror that there is a squeezing interest for all the more earth sound examples and stocks in the lodging business. Over the mature ages, there has been an expanded natural awareness among the general people and the advancement of the build of green commercialization has thrived. Where, a large portion of the lodgings in the ongoing days of old were paying taking care of ecological obligation it has is currently continuously risen as a corporate issue. In any case, so as to achieve more prominent ecological obligation, appropriate execution instruments and plans are fundamental. The instruments of activity incorporate the requirement of significant Torahs and laws ( wellbeing and security requests, arranging and building statutes, H2O use, squander coevals and the arrival of transmissions ) , each piece great as intentional rules. Confirmation and marking methodologies are logically turning in prominence. Further, the authoritiess, NGO s, Academic Communities are coming up to help hotelkeepers in running all the more ecologically dependable concerns. As an undertaking of actuality numerous great lodging ironss have other than built up their resources and have polished propelled designs. Fundamentally, the exploration review by Center for Hospitality Research, Cornell University ( 2010 ) A ; ( 2012 ) by Glenn Withiam A ; Rohit Verma in Hotel Year Book 2012 featured on Sustainability referencing customers interest for manageable lodg ing tasks has flourished and extended. The inn business has paid heed, as exhibited by a push for steady inclusion rules and industry best examples originating from our industry roundtables in both Asia and North America. In that regard, run intoing contrivers and corporate contrivers are currently bespeaking that lodgings give supportability related data (, for example, vitality utilization or reusing approaches ) . Outsider liberation of green cases has gotten an of import part of supportability inclusion, as exhibited for case by Travelocity s Green Hotel Directory, which does non recognize self-ensured inns. Lodgings are very reliant on monetary open introduction and need to bank upon expanded interest and cut bringing down the expenses for perseverance. Reasonable examples can look magnanimous to the invitee, throwing a positive obvious radiation on a lodging. Moreover, when applied right they are all things considered cost-proficient with brief times of restitution. The lodgings who execute such advances are all around monetarily solid as expenses are recouped in a short clasp and numerous multiple times habitually the since quite a while ago run savings are extraordinary. In any case, only a little for each centum of bing inns have manageability at the core of their anxiety business as usual that other than in sorted out segment. There are numerous advantages for an inn with practical concern designs: Extra gross through lower costs. Cost rescuing through cost-decrease steps. Simpler subsidizing due to bring down since quite a while ago run risk. More noteworthy fascination in loaners. More noteworthy since quite a while ago run financial stableness. Expanded in addition to esteem as a result of since quite a while ago run concern ability. Since quite a while ago run capacity to stay in concern and be beneficial. 7.3 Trends A ; difficulties of the business: Because of expanded awareness on the turning natural corruption, society is going insightful of the interest of following and executing progressively adequate strides of ecological security. Maintainable improvement has become a cardinal priority and a test of clasp. The issue of manageability requests to be tended to at various degrees, in collaboration with academe, industry, arrangement shapers, the general people and different partners. The lodging business has an of import obligation in this technique. The study by Wang Jin zhao and Wang punch ( Shenyang University China ) in the Journal of Management Science A ; Engineering ( 2009 ) in has featured in the article issues, challenges A ; propensities, that going up against Hospitality Industry has been taken in this section and as under 7.3.1 Issues in Hospitality Green Hospitality: Sustainable Development Calls for green cheerful gathering. Voyaging green is an expanding issue in the genial gathering industry. People groups are intense to take a gander at maintainable arrangements in a totally different way. There has been a modification in the perceptual experience of green ; it has gone from a fringe movement to standard. As a characteristic of its picking up ubiquity, one of the captured undertakings

Frogs :: essays research papers

Frogs are creatures of land and water in the request Anura. The request Anura is separated into 22 distinct groups of frogs and amphibians. In spite of the fact that they have a place with a similar request, frogs and amphibians are distinctive from multiple points of view. A portion of the more unmistakable contrasts are their skin and where they live. Frogs for the most part have smooth wet skin and amphibians typically have dry watery looking skin. Frogs burn through a large portion of their lives in or close to water and amphibians invest more energy in land. Land and water proficient methods "double life." Frogs and amphibians each have two sections to their lives: when they live on water and when they live land. A frog's life begins in the water when it is incubated from an egg as a tadpole. A tadpole appears to be unique from a grown-up frog. A tadpole has a tail, no appendages, and inhales through gills. Inevitably the tadpole experiences transformation. Dur ing the change the frog develops appendages, the tail vanishes, it utilizes lungs to inhale, and it doesn't need to live in water any longer. As a tadpole, the frog takes care of for the most part on vegetation. The tadpoles have a little scratching mouth fit particularly for scratching algea from the base of lakes. Contingent upon the species, it can take half a month to a year or more for the tadpoles to turn out to be completely developed. Not all frogs incubate as tadpoles. A few types of frogs bring forth as froglets. Froglets look simply like grown-up frogs however are much littler. Froglets don't experience a metamophosis. Most species that bring forth as froglets are found in dry spots. Frogs who live in dry spots where downpours are occasional need to grow up rapidly in light of the fact that a tadpole will bite the dust if their impermanent lake evaporates. Grown-up frogs can live in water or ashore, however it in every case should be close to water so its respiratory orga ns don't dry out.

When Jay Pharoah Comes to Campus for Homecoming

When Jay Pharoah Comes to Campus for Homecoming Theres not a more exciting time to be at Illinois than for Homecoming. Homecoming week at Illinois is truly a celebration of the school, and theres a bunch of fun events held for students and the alumni. I know one popular thing that students love about Homecoming is every day during the week, the Illini Union usually hands out free food on the Quad! Yesterday they gave out Einstein Bros. bagels out to students. College students always love the opportunity of free food. The most exciting thing planned for Homecoming so far was when Saturday Night Live alum Jay Pharoah came to do stand-up comedy on the Quad. Im a huge stand-up comedy and Saturday Night Live fan myself, so this was an opportunity I couldnt miss. The best part of the event was that it was free! All you needed was your student i-card! The event was held at Anniversary Plaza, which is located on the Quad side of the Illini Union. It was cool seeing a live comedy show on the Quad where all my classes are. It really transformed into an event where hundreds of students brought blankets to watch the comedian. Seeing someone who Ive seen on national television come to Champaign-Urbana was simply surreal. During the show, Pharoah did his impeccable Barack Obama and Denzel Washington impression. The students laughed at his brilliant jokes for 90 minutes. Im looking forward to future Homecoming events where we can get more comedians to come to campus. The school truly wants to make Homecoming a great experience for its students, and thats what I love about Illinois. Daniel Class of 2018 I’m an Advertising major in the College of Media. I’m from a northwest suburb of Chicago called Buffalo Grove. I chose Illinois because it was the first university in the entire world to offer an Advertising major, which is pretty cool!

Eliza Haywood The Rise of the Woman Novelist and Her Response to Feminine Desire Through the Form of the Masquerade - Literature Essay Samples

The very form of the sentence does not fit her.It is a sentence made by men;It is too loose,Too heavy,Too pompous for a womans use-Virginia Woolf, in her Collected Essays, Modern Fiction.Eliza Haywoods novels are important documents not only of womens history, but also of literary, social, and moral tensions of their time. Her stories are usually told with a considerable amount of what Mary Anne Schofield calls narrative energy (116), detailing the plight of a woman whose tales of passion and strife are detailed by a world indifferent to her as a woman. She was an aggressive writer, who made important comments upon the position and role of women during the eighteenth century. This was a crucial time in history for women as writers. They had absolutely no rights, no individual existence or identity, and the very act of writing, particularly for a public audience, was in essence an assertion of individuality and autonomy, and often an act of defiance. To write was to be; it was to create and to exist. It was to construct and control a worldview without the interference from men. No woman writer could be oblivious to this notion, they had to know the consequences of writing and being a woman, and almost all felt obliged to defend themselves against this attack (Spender 3). Dale Spender, author of The Mothers of the Novel, suggests that because early novelists and playwrights came from all walks of life, they were not from one small and privileged class; their experiences within writing were more representative of their sex as a whole (3-4). He also brings up the idea that the majority of novels that were written in the 18th century, were written by women, and that men were not amused by the womens prominence, and were using female pseudonyms to try and find a favored way into print, which was quite the opposite a hundred years previously (4). Ros Ballaster has a different aspect on the foundation of women writing, stating, The novel, identified at every stage as a female form, was, in this period, refined by purging it of its disreputable associations with female sexuality and the subversive power of female wit, or artifice (Ballaster 3) If womens writing is important to the history of the novel, the novel is no less important to the history of womens search for a public voice. In the eighteenth century, it was an important medium for the articulation of womens concerns, and its rise was centrally bound up with the growth of a female literary voice acceptable within a patriarchal society. Jane Spencer, a feminist and the author of a book trying to empower the voice within women writers, says in her book, The Rise of the Woman Novelist, Any study which treats of women writers as a separate group needs to explain the reasoning behind such a procedure. [Women writers] entered a realm of discourse that had long been dominated by men; their work imitated, or counteracted, or influenced the work of their male contemporaries, and it m ight be argued that they would be better studied alongside those men (ix). Spencer tries to prove within her discourse that writings by women were not different from mens, in style, theme, or content, and that women actually carried a special position in their writing because they were able to use their work to influence and counteract stereotypes within their positions as female authors, placing them above their contemporaries.Because the word feminist was not a word back in this time period, it is hard to read eighteenth century womens writings as feminist writing. Womens nature and proper role within the society were always subjects of serious debates, and many women took up positions, which might have been described as feministic roles. Because of the very low opinion of womens intellectual capacities generally held in the male cultural tradition, a woman writer seemed, by the very act of writing, to be challenging received notions of womanhood, and therefore engaged in what Spencer defines as feminist discourse (x). When women writers were accepted, it was on the basis of their femininity, and the kind of praise they received varied with their readers conceptions of that quality, so that to some people, feminine writing implied eroticism, to others, purity. Womens writing would have to confine itself within the circle drawn by prevailing notions of the feminine, and women authors would have to turn away from the examples of those precursors whose femininity did not fit the fashionable definition (Spencer 75). Modesty within women writers became an important term of praise, confining the feminine desires. Spencer writes that within the eighteenth century, the morality expected of a woman was stricter, her style was expected to be restricted to natural simplicity in a way a mans was not; and her modesty was of a very different order (78). Womens writing was bound to be affected once fear about all they did was considered desirable evidence of their worth, and the requirement for feminine modesty might even have undone the effects of all other encouragements, and stopped some women from writing, or publishing, at all. Womens reading was thought to make them more rational; to enable them to think rather than feel, and to render them better equipped to perform their domestic function (Ballaster 198).Haywoods ability to use her writing to motivate and empower the voice of feminine desire during this time period was a revolution for all women. Haywood believed that women should be given equal opportunities with men for education. Eighteenth century society associated female authorship with inappropriate public display, sexual transgression, and the production of inferior texts (Saxton 8). Haywood defended the treatment of her texts as inferior with the charge that women were not properly educated and, therefore, should not be expected to write about subjects beyond their general knowledge. In her writings, she was writing abo ut much more than just love and desire; she was making a statement about female sexuality and gender inequality. Janet Todd points out By the middle of the eighteenth century the woman writer who wanted to please the public understood that she must describe sentiment, not sex (146). But Haywood defies that notion, and writes her novels that are filled with girls at the mercy of men, ravaged by their own desires and vulgar suggestions of sexuality in those who have already fallen. George Whicher describes Haywood as one who exploited a libertine form of sexuality, attached to the acquisitive motives of men, who will ruin the hapless virgin (16). Contrary to that belief, Haywood merely embraces the form of feminine desire, protesting against confinement of women that characterizes them in the eighteenth century. She showed the impact of her era in treating marriage, not the love affair, as the ideal outcome of love. Fantomina illustrates a lot of the same themes as Love in Excess , but switches the roles of the characters to give the power of the desire to the female character instead of the male through the art of masquerade. In her novels, Haywood looks into the lives of unmarried women during the eighteenth century and shows that single women who did not conform to the standards set for them suffered treatment as poor examples of their sex and even as immoral and scandalous women. If a woman did not want to spend her whole life being treated as a possession, she had to find ways to escape the binds of tradition and patriarchy. Through the use of masquerade and deception, many of Haywoods characters manage to do just that. The idea of virtue is treated as a burden to women, and some characters freely give up their virtue, while others hold strong to it, making them vulnerable and subject to greater consequences.Masquerade is a prominent feature within Haywoods novels. It is used by female characters as a means by which to gain control or power. More specifically, Haywoods female characters often misrepresent themselves as a means by which to achieve sexual power and even to obtain sexual gratification. Many of Haywoods female characters are unable to distinguish between truth and lies, or to penetrate the veil dividing reality and appearance; consequently, their ability to protect themselves from the abuse of power is limited (Merritt 22). However, Haywoods most interesting female characters are those who either find ways to exercise power within their role as sexual objects or who attempt to appropriate the benefits of male subjectivity outright. Fantomina and Love in Excess are not merely tales of sexual escapades, they are representing women as beings just as capable of desire as men are. Theories of masquerade frequently emphasize its capacity to challenge gender, political, and social hierarchies. In her influential study, Terry Castle makes large claims for masquerades subversive potential, especially for women: With the anonymity of the mask . . .the eighteenth century woman made an abrupt exit from the system of sexual domination . . .In the exquisite round of the assembly room, a woman was free to circulate-not as a commodity placed in circulation by men, but according to her own pleasure . . .the masquerade was indeed a microcosm in which the external forms of sexual subordination had ceased to exist. The masquerade symbolized a realm of women unmarked by patriarchy, unmarked by the signs of exchange and domination, and independent of the prevailing sexual economy of eighteenth century culture (255).Love in Excess is arguably the novel that critics believe first established Haywoods reputation as an authority on the vicissitudes of erotic desire (Merritt 27). This story is filled with passion, complete with predatory males, often driven by ambition or interest, and innocent, victimized women. It has three parts, and the first two postpone Count DElmonts marrying a woman he loves. They a re dominated by Alovisas attempts to manipulate and control the courtship with her gaze. The story begins with Alovisas attempt to direct the gaze of DElmont precisely because he does not see her as the object of her desire. He is not an Object to be safely gazd at (114), because all the female characters who encounter him fall rapturously in love with him. In the story, he is a man not be trusted (Williamson 229). Haywood says that his is the kind of love which considers more its own Gratification than the Interest, or quiet of the object Beloved (131). Williamson says points out that Haywoods critique of male behavior is consistent and that she comments that although DElmont would be unfaithful to Alovisa, he blames her for his transgression (229-230):Man is too Arbitrary a Creature to bear the least Contradiction, where he pretends an absolute Authority, and that Wife who thinks by ill humour and perpetual Taunts, to make him weary of what she woud reclaim him from, only re nders herself more hateful, and makes that justifiable which before was blameable in him (133).DElmont sees his marriage as an impediment to thefulfillment of his to Melliora, another of his transgressions, because he is constrained by his marriage to Alovisa, who he only marriage because her fortune. Haywood uses DElmont as a feminine character to prove that men can manipulate women just as easily as women can for men. Women were often the product of a loveless marriage for financial security, and by trading these gender roles, Haywood is able to shift the blame onto the character of the man, instead of the woman. Female characters in Haywoods novels are most frequently cast within spectacle as eroticized objects of desire, viewed voyeuristically by men, causing them to be the helpless victims of the male characters. Alovisa escapes this role only to become another form of passive spectacle, which is the hysterical female body. Indeed, in terms of the ability to master the po sition of spectacle, in Haywood, it is men who can manipulate the spectator/spectacle structure to inhabit one or the other position at will (Merritt 39). The character of Melantha takes the element of masquerade to the extreme when she exchanges rooms with Melliora and pretends to be the woman DElmont most desires in order to have him sexually:Tho the Count had been but a very little time in the arms of his supposed Melliora, yet he had made so good use of it, and had taken so much advantage of her complying humour, that. . .he now thought himself the most fortunate of all mankind; . . .His behaviour to [Melantha] was all rapture, all killing extacy. (157).By having Melantha being the character who deceives the count is quite the role reversal. She pretends to be Melliora, and she quite willingly allows the count to ravish her. Perhaps she stands alone as the single female character in the novel truly able to enjoy the affection she pursues. She is as much the opposite of Melli ora as any other character. Once the count is satisfied and believes he took Mellioras virtue, he is shocked when Alovisa bursts into the scene, followed by Melliora. When he realizes what actually happens, he is shocked. By having Alovisa viciously killed, Haywood is able to concluded the second part with the fact that Melantha gets exactly what she desires, DElmont, and is not punished for it in the least. In fact, the reader is left to believe that she flourishes. Haywood does not punish her characters for using masquerade to get what they most desire. Heroines in Haywoods novels who do not fall prey to the male plotter are those who manage to rival that power of scripting in their own person. Hence, the nameless heroine of Fantomina learns to maintain the interest of the young man who first seduces her by presenting herself to him for seduction in a series of masquerade disguises: a serving maid, a lonely widow, a mysterious masked aristocrat (Ballaster 205). The heroine notices the reaction of the men for the prostitutes and realizes that she would never get the same reaction from them because of her bourgeois status. She determines to disguise herself as a prostitute in order to discover how such women are addressed by the men. Behind the deception of the mask, she is able to have the freedom that Castle calls a kind of psychological latitude normally reserved for men (44). Only the masquerade provides a sanctioned space for Fantomina, for a lifting of restrictions on womens social mobility (Ballaster 188). The theme of rape appears in both Love in Excess and Fantomina. It seems as if female characters who feel desire often find themselves fending off the advances of the very men they so desperately want. Both the characters of Fantomina, and Melliora. It is clear to the readers that Melliora wants DElmont, but she does not allow herself to act on that desire. She even resorts to manipulation to prevent him from raping her, saying, O crue l DElmont! Will you then take advantage of my weakness?. . . Leave my honour free! (145-146). Similar to Fantomina, Beauplaisir takes all of her virtue away with the threat of rape. However, her character is quite the blame for the rape because she is disguised as a prostitute. Similarly, what happens to Fantomina is exactly what she sought after in the first place: the desire to be desired. And what is quite perplexing about these characters is how they are completely vulnerable to their emotions because they are women. They are the weaker sex, and are able to become raped. In the end, Fantomina loses her virtue, but realizes that she has nothing else to do but continue to show that she can still be desirable. By using a second disguise, the heroine decides to continue with her act of seduction through masquerade. She is no longer a virgin, and is able to be in charge of the next masquerade, no longer the innocent victim of Beauplaisir. At this point, she knows what she w ants and pursues it vehemently. Madhuchhanda Mitra points out that Haywood gives the heroine the ability to act upon her desires by also granting her with skills in the act of feigning' (155). By the time Beauplaisir is ready to move on to his woman, the heroine quickly moves on the next disguise, unable to succumb to the truth of her identity yet. Disguised as a poor, unfortunate widow, she once again succeeds in seducing him while allowing him to believe he is actually the seducer. Haywood successfully allows her male characters to fell strong while her readers are always able to know who actually the fool really is. However, Haywood seems to punish her heroine, ending her game with Beauplaisir, by announcing that She was with Child (68). The character becomes powerless, unable to continue her game of masquerade, because she is unable to hide something as obvious as a pregnancy. Is Haywood punishing her character for losing her virtue through her loss of virginity? Yes and no. Sooner or later, Beauplaisir would lose interest, or catch on (even though his intelligence is questioned by how he could not find similarities between these four personas). The game could not go on forever, because it began with deceit. Perhaps if the heroine had seduced Beauplaisir under different circumstances with her honor and virtue still in tact, they would have been able to live happily under the confines of marriage. Perhaps Beauplaisirs (similar to DElmonts) wandering eye would have always lusted for something new and exciting. Haywood is clearing pointing out the fact that true love can never last on the foundations of lies and disguise. Alovisa and DElmont did not marry for the right reason, and there marriage was not successful. Although womens fantasies, especially in fiction, include the fact that women may become pregnant in love affairs, they emulate men in making this a relatively minor consideration in the relationship, except in marriage, where, of co urse, the child of one man may be taken for that of another. Williamson points out that Although womens fictions frequently deal with a result of pregnancy, they do not advocate womens interests in their art, seeking instead to demonstrate how women may survive in a male universe, largely through bonding to other women. They do not seek to change male indifference, but, taking it for granted, seek to compensate for it (31).Haywood is pointing out that there is a double standard between men and women, and that women cannot as easily sleep around and not get caught. Even though the risk of disease is quite high during this time period, pregnancy is much a much quicker death to the masquerade.In both those novels, Haywood never stray from feminist ideas and the notion that women are just as entitled to feelings of passion and desire as men are. Unlike men, for the most part, however, they may have to practice masquerade and deception in order to fulfill those desires. Even the mos t virtuous of women (Fantomina), are capable of such desires. Works CitedBallaster, Ros. Seductive Forms: Womens Amatory Fiction from 1684-1740. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992.Castle, Terry. Masquerade and Civilization: The Carnivalesque in 18th Century English Culture and Fiction. Stanford: Stanford Unversity Press, 1986.Doody, Margaret Anne. A Natural Passion: A Study of the Novels of Samuel Richardson. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1974.Haywood, Eliza. Fantomina and Other Works. Ed. Alexander Pettit, Margaret Case Croskery, and Anna C. Patchias. Toronto: Broadview Press Ltd., 2004.Haywood, Eliza. Masquerade Novels of Eliza Haywood. Intro. Mary Anne Schofield. Delmar, New York: Scholars Facsimiles and Reprints Inc., 1986. Merritt, Juliette. Beyond Spectacle: Eliza Haywoods Female Spectators. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2004.Mitra, Madhuchhanda. Educating the Eighteenth Century Heroine: The Lessons of Haywood, Lennox, and Burney. Diss. Kent, Ohio: Ke nt State University Press, 1989.Saxton, Kirsen T. Introduction. The Passionate Fictions of Eliza Haywood: Essays on Her Life and Work. Ed. Kirsten T. Saxton and Rebecca P. Bocchicchio. Lexington: University of Kentucky, 2000. Schofield, Mary Anne. Eliza Haywood. Boston: Twayne Publishers, 1985.Spencer, Jane. The Rise of the Woman Novelist. Oxford: Basil Blackwell Ltd., 1986.Spender, Dale. Mothers of the Novel. London: Pandora Press, 1986.Todd, Janet. The Sign of Angellica: Women, Writing and Fiction, 1660-1800. New York: Columbia University Press, 1989.Whicher, Dr. George Frisbie. The Life and Romances of Mrs. Eliza Haywood. New York: Columbia University Press, 1915.Williamson, Marilyn L. Raising Their Voices: British Women Writers, 1650-1750. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1990.

The Family As A Social Institution - 3187 Words

In order for society to meet the basic social needs of its members, social institutions, which are not buildings, or an organization or even people, but a system whose of social norms, mores and folkways that help make people feel important. Social institutions, according to our textbook, is defined as a fundamental component of this organization in which individuals, occupying defined statues, are â€Å"regulated by social norms, public opinion, law and religion† (Amato 2004, p.961). Social institutions are meant to meet people’s basic needs and enable the society to survive. Because social institutions prescribe socially accepted beliefs, values, attitudes and behaviors, they exert considerable social control over individuals.†¦show more content†¦The definition historically is â€Å"people related by blood, marriage, or adoption†. The U.S. Census defines family as â€Å"a group of people united by the ties of marriage, blood, or adoption and cons tituting a single household†. William Goode, a sociologist who did research on family life, marriage and divorce, defines family as â€Å"at least 2 adult persons of opposite sex who reside together, have division of labor, engage in economic and social exchange, share many things in common, have parental relations with their children and the children have sibling relations†. Sociologist William F. Ogburn argues that the industrialization and urbanization of society has stripped the family of many of the traditional functions. Due to this factor alone, the family’s role has been diminished to something strictly psychological, and that is to socialize children, and to provide emotional support for family members. Talcott Parsons defined the family as serving a basic function for society-at-large that included sexual behavior norms and values. There is a growing opinion that social and civic agencies are taking over parental responsibilities due to two-income families, a burst in technology over the past forty years and single-parent homes. The old days of neighbors visiting neighbors, communities where people knew each other well and children roamed from houseShow MoreRelatedThe Family As A Social Institution1569 Words   |  7 PagesMalak AL-Raee Dr. Anaheed AL-Hardan Soan 201 March 23, 2017 Families in Lebanon Families vary from time to time and from one culture to the next. However, the family as a social institution exists in all cultures. In general, a family can be defined as any group of people who live together and are emotionally bonded, related by blood, marriage, or adoption. Furthermore, there are many variations in the family from one generation to the other, and this is what happened in Lebanon. LebanonRead MoreFamily as a Social Institution Essay1518 Words   |  7 PagesFamily as a Social Institution The word family originally meant A Band Of Slaves.(Coontz 1999) It is worth noting this when looking at the origins of Families. For even when the word came to apply to persons affiliated by blood and marriage this was more in relation to the notion of families as authority relations rather than our modern terminology being of families as groups of loved ones. It is also important to note that marriage in those other thanRead MoreFamily As A Social Institution Of People927 Words   |  4 Pagesfrom the best thing that one can have is an ideal family and growing up we all wanted to be raised in a peaceful, happy and secure family with loving parents who will be there for us no matter what physically and mentally able to provide for the family where we will be always welcomed by our parents and siblings alike and heard and respected all the time. 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I assignment consisted of six questions, how social class impacts family, how family impacts social class; how social class impacts education, how education impacts social class; how social class impacts religion, and how religion impacts social class. All of the above mentioned questions are interlinked, which means that it effects and determines the other questions answer. Family, education and religionRead MoreEssay on Social institutions765 Words   |  4 Pagesmany social institutions that have made a dramatic impact on society; none more important than families. In today’s modern industrialized societies, families carry out basic necessities that other social institutions cannot. Different skills such as responsibility can also be acquired from families where it can be applied to everyday life. Furthermore families in the past needed to be the most important social institution to ensure their survival. Since the pre-industrialized era, families are consideredRead MoreImpact Of Social Institutions On Caribbean Culture1223 Words   |  5 PagesSocietal Institutions On Caribbean Culture and Society Objectives †¢ Gain a thorough understanding of the different social institutions: family, education, political systems †¢ Understand the main ideas of the Marxist and Functionalist perspectives †¢ Understand the Marxist and perspective on social institutions Functionalist Social Institutions †¢ Social Institutions are a fundamental part of the operations of society. They are the major organising framework in social life. Social institutions have

Case Study The Inc. - 979 Words

Amazon.com Inc. is spreading has been spreading its reach globally and building its brand as the go-to place in which customers are guaranteed secure payment, two-day shipping, and name-brand products. While it dominates domestically in the US, the company is continuously working on being a power player in the Asian Pacific and elsewhere. â€Å"Amazon is investing across the company to boost the volume of products sold on its site, adding features to its Kindle line of e-readers and tablets and beefing up its inventory. The efforts may help Amazon gain share in a worldwide e-commerce market that Scott, Devitt, an analyst at Morgan Stanley, estimated will reach $1 trillion by 2016, up from $512 billion last year†(Kucera). There are more established e-commerce companies currently taking up a large portion of the market, but Amazon has been working on this market since the early 2000s according to the Internet Retailer magazine in 2013. Amazon.com currently operates in the United States, Europe, Canada, Australia and more recently Brazil. This critique will focus on the Brazilian and Asian markets in which Amazon.com has made global adjustments to access their customer base. Amazon.com introduced itself into the Brazilian market in 2012 with its Kindle tablet reader that was in Portuguese and digital products. â€Å"A Brazil-based operation would save the country’s 200 million consumers from paying high import taxes on online orders shipped from overseas† (Israel).The online retailerShow MoreRelatedInc Case Study975 Words   |  4 Pages †¢ Current 2Q17 adjusted EPS consensus stands at 1.51 (Previous mean 1.51.; range 1.49 – 1.54) †¢ Current 2Q17 reported revenue consensus is $2,976 (Previous mean $2,975; range $2,886 - $3,079) †¢ 6/8/2017 closing price $142.43 (+18.8% YTD, SP +8.8%) †¢ Market Update â€Å"Major U.S. indexes posted modest gains on Thursday. The dollar held steady against its peers. And the U.K. pound dropped to seven-week low on election uncertainty.† †¢ Citigroup Last week, Leerink hosted a docRead MoreCase Study : Apple Inc.1349 Words   |  6 Pages Case Analysis: APPLE INC.: IPODS AND ITUNES Donna Martinelli TEXAS CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY September 3, 2014 Table of Contents Executive Summary..................................................................................................3 Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..3 Defining the Challenge...............................................................................................3 Analyzing the case data....................Read MoreCase Study : Apple Inc. 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Educational Technology Essay - 1697 Words

Educational Technology Education is probably the most important thing in life that someone can obtain. There are many levels of education. These levels begin at Kindergarten and Pre-K and continue on through grade school, junior high school, high school, and undergraduate colleges if so chosen. Then the possibility of graduate school is in the interest of some student and is required for better pay and even in some career fields. Education has undergone many changes over the past 2 decades at all levels. Many of the changes have undergone due to the increasing number of technological advancements in the ways teachers educate and the ways that students learn. The greatest technological achievement to enter the educational realm has†¦show more content†¦Maybe it is merely coincidence but in either sense he was correct in stating that technology would change quickly. Remember the mentioning of the floppy disk? Well, it is still called a floppy disk but technology has managed to make it a hard disk and minimized the size to 3.5 inches. This is just one of the many changes that would emerge after the implementing of the PC in schools. Upon the introduction of the computer came the formation of the CD-Rom. T H E Journal states that 550 megabytes of read-only material were on these compact discs. Well there goes the thought of needing those textbooks. Why would you need to carry that big textbook with you? Save a tree right. Keep in mind that not everyone has a computer capable of doing this yet and not to mention that computers cost money. Schools cannot afford to be buying these computers, which were evolving so fast, that keeping up with the newly issued ones was almost impossible. Buy this time, this time being around the 1990’s, IBM came out with MS-Dos and soon to come MS- Windows. The race for the most advanced technology was one and this was great for society, the economy and education. 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The Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde - 1945 Words

There is a battle of two wolves inside us all. One is evil. It is anger, jealousy, greed, resentment, lies, inferiority, and ego. The other is good. It is joy, peace, love, hope, humility, kindness, empathy, and truth. Which wolf wins? The one you feed. - Old Cherokee Proverb. This quote explains that within us all, there is the battle good and evil. It explains the duality of the human condition, and that we all have the potential to be very good, but also extremely evil, a concept that Robert Louis Stevenson dabbles in throughout the course of The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. This concept, also illustrates the theme of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde perfectly, as the theme is good vs evil, or more specifically the dual nature of humans, and how good and evil exists within ourselves. That good vs evil can be an internal struggle, as well as a physical battle. Some argue that the theme of Jekyll and Hyde could be Friendship, Lies and Deceit, or Sacrifice, however it is evident t hat the theme is good versus evil for several reasons. First and foremost, although some may argue that the theme of The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde is friendship because there are new friendships forged throughout the book and strong friendships between several characters throughout the novel, the theme is good vs evil because of several quotes, and for several reasons. One example is a direct quote from the novel, With every day, and from both sides of my intelligence, the moralShow MoreRelatedThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1675 Words   |  7 PagesThe Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Essay Robert Louis Stevenson’s novella, â€Å"The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde,† is a type of Gothic literature. In the beginning of the story when Stevenson is describing the lawyer, one â€Å"Mr. Utterson,† the mood is a bit dull. At first glance the reader may think that this story would be a bit boring and drab. Stevenson’s story is far from being another dull piece of British English literature. The setting and mood of this novella are more complexRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1440 Words   |  6 Pagescomplexity of human nature in his books, especially in The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, and Kidnapped. The former is about a lawyer named Mr. Utterson seeking out the truth of Dr. Jekyll’s very strange will. He finds out that Jekyll was transforming himself into Mr. Hyde so that he could have the freedom to do whatever he wanted no matter how evil. By the time Utterson finds all this out and findsJekyll, he is too late and Jekyll has already killed himself. The latter is about David BalfourRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde1196 Words   |  5 Pageswhich do let control you? The good or evil? This was a question that Dr. Jekyll from the book, The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, could not answer. The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde is a book about a man who cannot control the two sides of himself, causing him to do terrible things and not even be aware of it. The theme of this book is good versus evil. Dr. Jekyll is fighting his evil side, known as Mr. Hyde, throughout the book. Some people believe that the book’s theme hasRead MoreThe Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll And Mr. Hyde Essay975 Words   |  4 PagesStevenson’s The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde is a novella that follows the basic outline established by Mary Shelley in Frankenstein. However, Stevenson’s monster is not created from body parts but comes from the dark side of the human personality. In both novels, a man conducts a secret experiment that gets out of control. The result of these experiments is the release of a double, or doppelganger, which causes damage to their creator. 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Dth Services in India Free Essays

string(41) " speciality packaging and entertainment\." Introduction to DTH Services DTH stands for Direct-To-Home television. DTH is defined as the reception of satellite programmes with a personal dish in an individual home. How does DTH work? A DTH network consists of a broadcasting centre, satellites, encoders, multiplexers, modulators and DTH receivers. We will write a custom essay sample on Dth Services in India or any similar topic only for you Order Now A DTH service provider has to lease Ku-band transponders from the satellite. The encoder converts the audio, video and data signals into the digital format and the multiplexer mixes these signals. At the user end, there will be a small dish antenna and set-top boxes to decode and view numerous channels. On the user’s end, receiving dishes can be as small as 45 cm in diameter. DTH is an encrypted transmission that travels to the consumer directly through a satellite. DTH transmission is received directly by the consumer at his end through the small dish antenna. A set-top box, unlike the regular cable connection, decodes the encrypted transmission. Difference between DTH Cable TV :- The way DTH reaches a consumer’s home is different from the way cable TV does. In DTH, TV channels would be transmitted from the satellite to a small dish antenna mounted on the window or rooftop of the subscriber’s home. So the broadcaster directly connects to the user. The middlemen like local cable operators are not there in the picture. DTH can also reach the remotest of areas since it does away with the intermediate step of a cable operator and the wires (cables) that come from the cable operator to your house. As we explained above, in DTH signals directly come from the satellite to your DTH dish. Also, with DTH, a user can scan nearly 700 channels! DTH offers better quality picture than cable TV. This is because cable TV in India is analog. Despite digital transmission and reception, the cable transmission is still analog. DTH offers stereophonic sound effects. It can also reach remote areas where terrestrial transmission and cable TV have failed to penetrate. Apart from enhanced picture quality, DTH has also allows for interactive TV services such as movie-on-demand, Internet access, video conferencing and e-mail. History of DTH in India :- DTH services were first proposed in India in 1996. But they did not pass approval because there were concerns over national security and a cultural invasion. In 1997, the government even imposed a ban when the Rupert Murdoch-owned Indian Sky Broadcasting (ISkyB) was about to launch its DTH services in India. Finally in 2000, DTH was allowed. The new policy requires all operators to set up earth stations in India within 12 months of getting a license. DTH licenses in India will cost $2. 14 million and will be valid for 10 years. The companies offering DTH service will have to have an Indian chief and foreign equity has been capped at 49 per cent. There is no limit on the number of companies that can apply for the DTH license. Growth Potential of DTH in India :- Today, India has about 120 million television homes, out of which 75 million are cable TV homes, with the majority share on analog mode. There is a gap of approximately 45 million between these two figures alone. DTH currently caters to about 8. 9 million subscribers . There would always be a lot of areas that cable still cannot reach but DTH can between MSOs (multiple system operators) and DTH. Given the size of the Indian market there would be large volumes in both cable and DTH. In this industry, 10 years is too long; hence a five-year view would be more realistic. DTH will grab a major share and be at about 20-22 million subscribers by 2013. CAGR (compound annual growth rate) for DTH in India is 30%. DTH Players in India. Sr. No. DTH Service ProvidersOwner 1DD Direct +Prassar Bharati 2dish TVEssel Group. 3Tata SkyTata + Star (JV) 4BIG TVReliance (ADAG) 5Airtel Digital TVAirtel 6Sun Direct Marans and Astro group (JV) 7Videocon D2HVideocon 8ETH Air TVSterling Group Major DTH service Providers in India DD Direct plus :- Honorable Prime Minister of India inaugurated the service on 16/12/2004. Presently the DD DIRECT+ is envisaged to telecast 56 free-to-air TV channels (containing both Doordarshan and private channels) Satellite Earth Station for uplink of signals has been setup at Delhi. The high power Ku-band transponders of Indian Satellite INSAT-4B at 93. 5? E are being used for hosting the DD DIRECT+ services. DD Direct+ is a free Direct to Home (DTH) service that provides satellite television and audio programming to households and businesses in the Indian subcontinent, owned by parent company Doordarshan. It primarily competes with cable television and other DTH Service providers such as Dish TV, Tata Sky, Sun Direct, Airtel digital TV and Big TV throughout India. Advantages : (1) DD Direct Plus is India’s first and only DTH service that offers its services absolutely free of cost. No monthly subscriptons to be paid when you are with DD Direct Plus. (2) Small one-time initial investment on STB and Dish and you can use it life-long. (3) Apart from all DD chs, DD Direct Plus offers several popular private FTA (Free-To-Air) chs. (4) As a bonus, DD Direct Plus also offers additional chs, from Dish TV’s satellite which are FTA from time to time. Disadvantages : (1) DD Direct Plus does not offer any EPG (Electronic Program Guide) facility, which all other DTH operator provides. Due to this, users are not able to check schedules on channels before-hand. (2) New channel addition process is very slow. Several ch wait for approval from Prasar Bharati (DD Direct Plus), but its sloggish attitude makes the addition of new chs too late. (3) DD Direct Plus revises and hikes its carriage fees all of a sudden due to which some channels tend to quit the platform. 4) Signal fluctuation issues occur at certain times, due to which some chs black-out temporarily. dish TV :- dishtv is an Essel Group venture. Essel Group has a vast range of national and global business interests that include media programming, broadcasting distribution, speciality packaging and entertainment. You read "Dth Services in India" in category "Papers" The bus inesses have close synergies in the areas of content, distribution and infrastructure. Continuing with the same path-breaking tradition, the group now brings to you a new era of digital quality TV viewing. It not only broadcasts high quality programmes straight from the satellite to your home, but also gives you absolute and complete control of what you watch and pay for. It is almost like having your own satellite up in the sky. dishtv takes television viewing to the next level as it supports various futuristic features like Electronic Programme Guide, Parental Lock, Capacity up to 400 channels, Games, Interactive TV, Movie on Demand etc. Brought to you by a Zee Network Enterprise, dishtv has changed the face of the Indian television home, bringing it at par with the global entertainment ndustry. Dishtv Becomes India’s First DTH Service To Cross 4. 5 Million Customer Mark 23 Million Happy Indians Have Made Dishtv No. 1 About Dish TV India: Dishtv is India’s No. 1 direct-to-home company and part of the biggest media conglomerate – Zee group. Dishtv has on its platform 225 channels services including 21 audio channels with registered 4. 5 million subscribers, which is growing. Dishtv has a vast distribution network of about 650 distributors 45,000 dealers that spans around 6500 towns across the country. Dishtv has 24* 7 call centre with 1600 seats in 11 different languages to take care of subscriber requirements at any point of time. Today, Dishtv is the leader in DTH sector with a market share of more than 53 per cent of the total subscriber base of 8. 9 million. Dishtv’s footprint covers 5400 towns across India bringing smiles to 23 million Indians. Today every 50th Indian out of the total population of 115 crore is enjoying the Dishtv experience. Advantages : (1) The biggest advantage of Dish TV is its cost. (For old or existing customers at this point). It offers most of the popular chs at low cost. The highest pack costs Rs. 325 per month, after which only 1 or 2 add-on packs are required to all almost all chs, unlike other DTH where you need several Add-on packs even after subscribing to the highest pack. (2) Dish TV’s satellite being located very near to DD Direct Plus’s satellite, all Dish TV users enjoy the complete ch offering of DD Direct Plus as well. So any new ch added in DD Direct Plus automatically gets added to Dish TV channel offering. (3) The software of Dish TV STBs are stable at the moment. This makes the switching speed between chs pretty fast. Also very less hang-ups of STBs reported till now. Thanks to Dish TV STBs’ great software. (4) Only Dish TV gives its users access to exclusive never-before seen international channels which are not available even in cable till now. The platter includes MGM, TCM and Boomerang. Airtel Digital TV provides MGM India unlike Dish TV which still carries the direct international feed of MGM. (5) Several new channels added recently are provided at no extra cost for the highest pack users, except for a few chs. (Currently only for existing or old customers). Whereas other DTH operators, have added the new launches in seperate Add-on Packs. (6) Dish TV has a good no of Transponders to offer more chs to its users, including the recently contracted Protostar which means more chs for its customers. Disadvantages : (1) One of the biggest problems of Dish TV is its Customer Care and Customer Service which is definately not upto the mark. The CC executives lack professionalism in their attitude and after-sales support in certain areas are allegedly poor. (2) Another serious issue is its audio and video quality. Quality on several (but not all) channels on Dish is not upto the mark. Too much of pixelation is seen on some chs and the audio standard is of course not of true CD quality. (3) Dish TV misses out on few important ch packages which includes the Neo bouquet and the UTV group of chs. Due to this exclusive cricket matches and world TV premier of latest movies on these chs are missed by the Dish TV users. (4) New ch addition process is extremely slow when it comes to Dish TV. It takes a huge amount of time for Dish TV to enhance its bouquet offerings. (5) The time taken for activation of packages after renewal is too long sometimes. Users had to wait for as long as 5-6 days for activation even after making payments on time. (6) Official website is not updated regularly. Official weblog which was meant for the interaction of Dish TV users, too does not work till date. Tata Sky :- Tata Sky is a JV between the TATA Group and STAR. It was launched on 8th August, 2006. Tata Sky endeavours to offer Indian viewers a world-class television viewing experience through its satellite television service. The Group and its enterprises have been steadfast and distinctive in their adherence to business ethics and their commitment to corporate social responsibility. This is a legacy that has earned the Group the trust of many millions of stakeholders in measure few business houses anywhere in the world can match. STAR is a leading media and entertainment company in Asia. STAR’s parent company, News Corporation, owns an International group of DTH businesses that include BSkyB in UK, Sky Italia in Italy and Foxtel in Australia. How does Tata Sky work? 1. Tata Sky uplinks all channels from broadcasters to its satellite (INSAT 4A). 2. The satellite sends these channels in digital format to the minidish fixed outside your home. . The minidish relays the channels to the digicomp which decodes the channels and sends them to your television, giving you an unparalleled television viewing experience with DVD quality picture and CD quality sound. Does the service get affected by rains? A few minutes of outage might occur during rains. This phenomenon is called RAIN OUTAGE and occurs in DTH platforms across the world. It will result in your televisio n losing reception for some time. We have tried to cut down this time so it might happen only for one or two minutes in a year. This too is automatically detected and gets corrected by itself. Tata Sky offers :- Tata Sky offers over 160 channels and services, designed to suit the varying needs of our subscribers. The packages include a wide array of television channels in DVD quality picture and CD quality sound and a host of new-age interactive services (Actve Cooking, Actve Wizkids, Actve Learning, Actve Stories, Actve Sports, Actve Games, Actve Matrimony, Actve STAR News, Actve Astrology, Actve Darshan and Actve Doordarshan). Showcase can be ordered with any of the Base packages. Different packages available on Tata Sky :- Base packages, designed to offer maximum choice.  » Super Hit Pack: Rs 99 per month  » South Starter Pack: Rs 125 per month  » Family Pack: Rs 200 per month  » Super Saver Pack: Rs 260 per month  » South Value Pack: Rs 260 per month  » South Jumbo Pack: Rs 310 per month Tata Sky also offers Add-On packages in addition to the Base packages. We can choose from  » Education Gold Pack: Rs 30 per month or Rs 300 per annum  » Lifestyle Gold Pack: Rs 45 per month or Rs 450 per annum  » Sports Gold Pack: Rs 30 per month Sports Platinum Pack: Rs 65 per month  » ESPN STAR Sports Pack: Rs 40 per month  » A La Carte Channels: Ten Sports Rs 15 per month, STAR Cricket Rs 25 per month ,Topper Rs 1010 annually Tata Sky’s SMS number :- SMS number is 56633. You can SMS only from your Registered Mobile Number (RMN). To register, send RMN to 56633 from your mobile phone. Advantages : (1) India’s first and only DTH service t o have made a joint venture with a reputed international DTH brand, Sky, which is famous for its exquisite technology. 2) The audio and video quality of TataSky stands up to the expectations of its users. Customers have reported about TataSky’s true DVD quality picture and CD quality sound. (3) Only TataSky gives its users an exclusive access to some authentic international channels which includes BBC Entertainment and Ceebebies. (4) TataSky offers uniform volume level across all channels, unlike other DTH services where the volume level keep varying with each ch. (5) The STB of TataSky is stable enough. There has been very less or no reports of TataSky STB bugs or issues till date. (6) TataSky users argue that its Customer Service is satisfactory. Issues are addressed on time and the after-sales support is great. Disadvantages : (1) TataSky has too many Add-on packs. Several add-on packs need to be subscribed to for enjoying all the chs, even after going with the highest pack. This makes the over-all package too costly. (2) The channel strength of TataSky is less compared to other DTH operators. This is because of the less no of Transponders purchased by them. Reliance BIG TV :- 9th Aug. 2008. Launched. Launched in August this year, Big TV is available at over one lakh retail outlets across 6,500 towns along with over 2,000 exclusive Reliance branded stores. Big TV to slash prices by over 40% Ashish Sinha / New Delhi October 17, 2008, 0:07 IST (Business Standard 15/12/2008) Reliance Anil Dhirubhai Ambani Group (R-ADAG) is all set to begin a price war in the direct-to-home (DTH) market by offering its connection about 43 per cent lower than any of the existing players. Big TV will offer its DTH service for Rs 1,490, while the lowest-priced connection is currently being offered by Dish TV at Rs 2,190, followed by Tata Sky at Rs 2,400. Big TV, which is the fourth entrant in the DTH space, is selling its service Rs 700 lower than its competitors. â€Å"This will be one of the biggest price cut offer by a DTH player for the coming Diwali season,† says Arun Kapoor, chief executive of Big TV. Reliance ADA Group has launched its DTH/satellite TV venture BIG TV, with 202 channels including 50 subscription VOD channels. The company says it is targeting 40 percent of the market within a year of launch, a very ambitious target, but will use all its muscle to promote it, including broadband Internet, mobile phones, home video, film production and the Adlabs cinema chain, reports Variety. Meanwhile, the company also mentioned that its IPTV service is ready and will launch within this year. Reliance has a deal with Microsoft (NSDQ: MSFT) under which the software giant supplied the IPTV software to the company for a $500 million licensing fee. BIG TV – 1 Millian. As on 25/11/08. (Source :- Televisionpoint. om) Future Investment Plan Right now this is the stage where the industry is in a phase of building the market. Just a few months ago when we launched BIG TV, the market penetration was in the range of 5–7% and today it has crossed 10%. So this is the stage when everyone is investing in terms of building and expanding the market and I am pleased to inform you that in the three months that we have been in the market it has expanded by 60%. In June-July the net addition in the month was around 600,000 and now we have crossed a million or will be around a million this month Advantages : 1) Big TV is has incorporated MPEG-4 technology unlike other DTH who are still on MPEG-2. The most basic difference between the two is that MPEG-4 is capable of carrying more chs in its offerings which means more chs can be added within a short span of time. After Dish TV, Big TV offers the highest no of chs. (2) Another merit of Big TV is its awesome picture and audio quality which are much better than any other existing DTH. For the first time, a DTH that lives up to the expectations for a true digital quality experience. (3) Big TV is perhaps the only DTH that offers several chs in its base pack. In fact, Big TV’s package and pricing is absolutely tailor-made to suit the exact needs of the customers. With this advantage, customer get more chs by paying less. (4) The Active or rather â€Å"Select† services on Big TV allows users to watch 12 chs at a time on a single screen unlike other DTH where you can watch a max of 6 – 8 chs. (5) Rain-fade is an issue that is common for all DTH. But its Big TV, so you can enjoy your favourite programs even when it rains. Big TV’s advanced technology lets you watch chs even when it rains heavily. Chs may blak-out for just about 5-6 seconds whereas in other DTHs, ch black-out lasts the entire length of the rain. Disadvantages : (1) The biggest problem of Big TV is its STB software which is still now not stable. Customers across India have reported about STB hanging problems innumerable no of times. STB gets over-heated, hangs several times, slow channel navigation, does not work after a manual update are some of the many issues that keep occcuring to the Big TV STBs. (2) Another demerit of Big TV is its Customer Care and Customer Service. The CC Executives lack professionalism in their behaviour. The after-sales support is too not good. (3) Incorrect package activations have happened with several users at times where the customer was wanting one pack and some other pack was activated instead. (4) The Big TV logo placed on the top left corner of screens is quite big and not transparent which is irritating. Whereas the logos of other DTH services are relatively smaller and of watermark type. Airtel Digital TV . (â€Å"Come Home To The Magic†) Bharti Airtel Limited announced the launch of Airtel digital TV , its Direct To Home (DTH) Satellite TV service. Airtel digital TV, which is a perfect blend of latest technology, unique features, and great content, promises to redefine the digital home entertainment experience. The service will be available to customers through 21,000 retail points including Airtel Relationship Centres in 62 cities across the country starting October 9, 2008 . With over 175 channels, the packages will start from Rs. 2499 for a six-month subscription in which the channel price band will range from Rs. 99 to Rs. 424. Vision promise By 2010 Airtel will be the most admired brand in India: Loved by more customers Targeted by top talent Benchmarked by more businesses Airtel always think in fresh and innovative ways about the needs of our customers and how we want them to feel. We deliver what we promise and go out of our way to delight the customer with a little bit more Besides the latest technology, Airtel digital TV brings many firsts to the DTH segment in India : †¢Universal remote for both Set Top Box and TV that offers enhanced viewer convenience; †¢Highest Set Top Box memory enabling more interactive applications; †¢Exclusive content such as World space Radio; Interactive applications such as iMatinee (Book cinema tickets), iTravel (Browse and book travel packages), iShop (Shop on TV for your favorite brands), iCity (Get your city’s information) and Widgets (Update yourself on latest stock news). 8 screen iNews, 2 / 4 screen iSports . †¢Amazing games with high quality graphics, refreshed every 6 weeks †¢Audio gain control for unifo rm audio levels across all channels †¢Simple and intuitive search †¢On screen account meter †¢Last viewed channel in case of power disruption/switch off †¢Low battery indicator on the screen These great viewing experience and unique features are backed by 24Ãâ€"7 customer care available in 8 different languages and a team of 800 professionally trained service engineers. Market Shares: Currently, the market is dominated by Essel Group’s Dish TV DTH service (about 4 million subscribers) followed by Tata Sky (2. 7 million subscribers), Sun Direct (1 million subscribers) and Big TV ( half million subscribers). State-owned Prasar Bharati’s DTH service DD Direct Plus is the only free-to-air service, where consumers do not pay any monthly subscription fees. According to sources, DD Direct Plus has a subscriber base of about 3-4 million subscribers, mostly in the remote corners of the country not connected by terrestrial or cable television. Advertising Strategy: Airtel has also launched a teaser campaign for its DTH service, called ‘See you at home soon’. It has four teasers – Masai (infotainment), Cowboy (movies), Band (music) and Meercats (kids). The common element is all these teasers is a big, red couch. Advantages : (1) Airtel Digital TV offers true DVD quality picture and CD quality sound which are absolutely flawless. So its customers can be assured of its crystal-clear video and stereophonic sound. (2) The external appreacnce of Digital TV STB is sleek and stylish unlike the STB of other DTH operators which are huge and bulky. Digital TV’s STB proves to be a fantastic eye-candy. (3) For the first time, Digital TV is a DTH that offers universal remotes for its users. So no more hassle of using two remotes at a time. (One for TV, the other for STB). Digital TV’s STB remotes (after programming) will work with both your TV as well with the STB. (4) Only Digital TV exclusively offers 10 popular and premium World-Space satellite radio chs to its subscribers. There is so much to hear, when you have World Space Radio with you, another first from Digital TV. (5) The Dish antenna of Digital TV is considerably bigger than other DTH dishes. This makes sure that you dont loose connectivity even when it rains wild. The bigger dish has been brought up keeping this aspect in mind. Disadvantages : (1) The only disadvantage of Digital TV is its price which is comparetively higher than any other DTH. The highest pack goes up to Rs. 424 per month which comes out to be too costly keeping in mind the present cut-throat competition in the DTH market. How to cite Dth Services in India, Papers

Dth Services in India Free Essays

string(41) " speciality packaging and entertainment\." Introduction to DTH Services DTH stands for Direct-To-Home television. DTH is defined as the reception of satellite programmes with a personal dish in an individual home. How does DTH work? A DTH network consists of a broadcasting centre, satellites, encoders, multiplexers, modulators and DTH receivers. We will write a custom essay sample on Dth Services in India or any similar topic only for you Order Now A DTH service provider has to lease Ku-band transponders from the satellite. The encoder converts the audio, video and data signals into the digital format and the multiplexer mixes these signals. At the user end, there will be a small dish antenna and set-top boxes to decode and view numerous channels. On the user’s end, receiving dishes can be as small as 45 cm in diameter. DTH is an encrypted transmission that travels to the consumer directly through a satellite. DTH transmission is received directly by the consumer at his end through the small dish antenna. A set-top box, unlike the regular cable connection, decodes the encrypted transmission. Difference between DTH Cable TV :- The way DTH reaches a consumer’s home is different from the way cable TV does. In DTH, TV channels would be transmitted from the satellite to a small dish antenna mounted on the window or rooftop of the subscriber’s home. So the broadcaster directly connects to the user. The middlemen like local cable operators are not there in the picture. DTH can also reach the remotest of areas since it does away with the intermediate step of a cable operator and the wires (cables) that come from the cable operator to your house. As we explained above, in DTH signals directly come from the satellite to your DTH dish. Also, with DTH, a user can scan nearly 700 channels! DTH offers better quality picture than cable TV. This is because cable TV in India is analog. Despite digital transmission and reception, the cable transmission is still analog. DTH offers stereophonic sound effects. It can also reach remote areas where terrestrial transmission and cable TV have failed to penetrate. Apart from enhanced picture quality, DTH has also allows for interactive TV services such as movie-on-demand, Internet access, video conferencing and e-mail. History of DTH in India :- DTH services were first proposed in India in 1996. But they did not pass approval because there were concerns over national security and a cultural invasion. In 1997, the government even imposed a ban when the Rupert Murdoch-owned Indian Sky Broadcasting (ISkyB) was about to launch its DTH services in India. Finally in 2000, DTH was allowed. The new policy requires all operators to set up earth stations in India within 12 months of getting a license. DTH licenses in India will cost $2. 14 million and will be valid for 10 years. The companies offering DTH service will have to have an Indian chief and foreign equity has been capped at 49 per cent. There is no limit on the number of companies that can apply for the DTH license. Growth Potential of DTH in India :- Today, India has about 120 million television homes, out of which 75 million are cable TV homes, with the majority share on analog mode. There is a gap of approximately 45 million between these two figures alone. DTH currently caters to about 8. 9 million subscribers . There would always be a lot of areas that cable still cannot reach but DTH can between MSOs (multiple system operators) and DTH. Given the size of the Indian market there would be large volumes in both cable and DTH. In this industry, 10 years is too long; hence a five-year view would be more realistic. DTH will grab a major share and be at about 20-22 million subscribers by 2013. CAGR (compound annual growth rate) for DTH in India is 30%. DTH Players in India. Sr. No. DTH Service ProvidersOwner 1DD Direct +Prassar Bharati 2dish TVEssel Group. 3Tata SkyTata + Star (JV) 4BIG TVReliance (ADAG) 5Airtel Digital TVAirtel 6Sun Direct Marans and Astro group (JV) 7Videocon D2HVideocon 8ETH Air TVSterling Group Major DTH service Providers in India DD Direct plus :- Honorable Prime Minister of India inaugurated the service on 16/12/2004. Presently the DD DIRECT+ is envisaged to telecast 56 free-to-air TV channels (containing both Doordarshan and private channels) Satellite Earth Station for uplink of signals has been setup at Delhi. The high power Ku-band transponders of Indian Satellite INSAT-4B at 93. 5? E are being used for hosting the DD DIRECT+ services. DD Direct+ is a free Direct to Home (DTH) service that provides satellite television and audio programming to households and businesses in the Indian subcontinent, owned by parent company Doordarshan. It primarily competes with cable television and other DTH Service providers such as Dish TV, Tata Sky, Sun Direct, Airtel digital TV and Big TV throughout India. Advantages : (1) DD Direct Plus is India’s first and only DTH service that offers its services absolutely free of cost. No monthly subscriptons to be paid when you are with DD Direct Plus. (2) Small one-time initial investment on STB and Dish and you can use it life-long. (3) Apart from all DD chs, DD Direct Plus offers several popular private FTA (Free-To-Air) chs. (4) As a bonus, DD Direct Plus also offers additional chs, from Dish TV’s satellite which are FTA from time to time. Disadvantages : (1) DD Direct Plus does not offer any EPG (Electronic Program Guide) facility, which all other DTH operator provides. Due to this, users are not able to check schedules on channels before-hand. (2) New channel addition process is very slow. Several ch wait for approval from Prasar Bharati (DD Direct Plus), but its sloggish attitude makes the addition of new chs too late. (3) DD Direct Plus revises and hikes its carriage fees all of a sudden due to which some channels tend to quit the platform. 4) Signal fluctuation issues occur at certain times, due to which some chs black-out temporarily. dish TV :- dishtv is an Essel Group venture. Essel Group has a vast range of national and global business interests that include media programming, broadcasting distribution, speciality packaging and entertainment. You read "Dth Services in India" in category "Papers" The bus inesses have close synergies in the areas of content, distribution and infrastructure. Continuing with the same path-breaking tradition, the group now brings to you a new era of digital quality TV viewing. It not only broadcasts high quality programmes straight from the satellite to your home, but also gives you absolute and complete control of what you watch and pay for. It is almost like having your own satellite up in the sky. dishtv takes television viewing to the next level as it supports various futuristic features like Electronic Programme Guide, Parental Lock, Capacity up to 400 channels, Games, Interactive TV, Movie on Demand etc. Brought to you by a Zee Network Enterprise, dishtv has changed the face of the Indian television home, bringing it at par with the global entertainment ndustry. Dishtv Becomes India’s First DTH Service To Cross 4. 5 Million Customer Mark 23 Million Happy Indians Have Made Dishtv No. 1 About Dish TV India: Dishtv is India’s No. 1 direct-to-home company and part of the biggest media conglomerate – Zee group. Dishtv has on its platform 225 channels services including 21 audio channels with registered 4. 5 million subscribers, which is growing. Dishtv has a vast distribution network of about 650 distributors 45,000 dealers that spans around 6500 towns across the country. Dishtv has 24* 7 call centre with 1600 seats in 11 different languages to take care of subscriber requirements at any point of time. Today, Dishtv is the leader in DTH sector with a market share of more than 53 per cent of the total subscriber base of 8. 9 million. Dishtv’s footprint covers 5400 towns across India bringing smiles to 23 million Indians. Today every 50th Indian out of the total population of 115 crore is enjoying the Dishtv experience. Advantages : (1) The biggest advantage of Dish TV is its cost. (For old or existing customers at this point). It offers most of the popular chs at low cost. The highest pack costs Rs. 325 per month, after which only 1 or 2 add-on packs are required to all almost all chs, unlike other DTH where you need several Add-on packs even after subscribing to the highest pack. (2) Dish TV’s satellite being located very near to DD Direct Plus’s satellite, all Dish TV users enjoy the complete ch offering of DD Direct Plus as well. So any new ch added in DD Direct Plus automatically gets added to Dish TV channel offering. (3) The software of Dish TV STBs are stable at the moment. This makes the switching speed between chs pretty fast. Also very less hang-ups of STBs reported till now. Thanks to Dish TV STBs’ great software. (4) Only Dish TV gives its users access to exclusive never-before seen international channels which are not available even in cable till now. The platter includes MGM, TCM and Boomerang. Airtel Digital TV provides MGM India unlike Dish TV which still carries the direct international feed of MGM. (5) Several new channels added recently are provided at no extra cost for the highest pack users, except for a few chs. (Currently only for existing or old customers). Whereas other DTH operators, have added the new launches in seperate Add-on Packs. (6) Dish TV has a good no of Transponders to offer more chs to its users, including the recently contracted Protostar which means more chs for its customers. Disadvantages : (1) One of the biggest problems of Dish TV is its Customer Care and Customer Service which is definately not upto the mark. The CC executives lack professionalism in their attitude and after-sales support in certain areas are allegedly poor. (2) Another serious issue is its audio and video quality. Quality on several (but not all) channels on Dish is not upto the mark. Too much of pixelation is seen on some chs and the audio standard is of course not of true CD quality. (3) Dish TV misses out on few important ch packages which includes the Neo bouquet and the UTV group of chs. Due to this exclusive cricket matches and world TV premier of latest movies on these chs are missed by the Dish TV users. (4) New ch addition process is extremely slow when it comes to Dish TV. It takes a huge amount of time for Dish TV to enhance its bouquet offerings. (5) The time taken for activation of packages after renewal is too long sometimes. Users had to wait for as long as 5-6 days for activation even after making payments on time. (6) Official website is not updated regularly. Official weblog which was meant for the interaction of Dish TV users, too does not work till date. Tata Sky :- Tata Sky is a JV between the TATA Group and STAR. It was launched on 8th August, 2006. Tata Sky endeavours to offer Indian viewers a world-class television viewing experience through its satellite television service. The Group and its enterprises have been steadfast and distinctive in their adherence to business ethics and their commitment to corporate social responsibility. This is a legacy that has earned the Group the trust of many millions of stakeholders in measure few business houses anywhere in the world can match. STAR is a leading media and entertainment company in Asia. STAR’s parent company, News Corporation, owns an International group of DTH businesses that include BSkyB in UK, Sky Italia in Italy and Foxtel in Australia. How does Tata Sky work? 1. Tata Sky uplinks all channels from broadcasters to its satellite (INSAT 4A). 2. The satellite sends these channels in digital format to the minidish fixed outside your home. . The minidish relays the channels to the digicomp which decodes the channels and sends them to your television, giving you an unparalleled television viewing experience with DVD quality picture and CD quality sound. Does the service get affected by rains? A few minutes of outage might occur during rains. This phenomenon is called RAIN OUTAGE and occurs in DTH platforms across the world. It will result in your televisio n losing reception for some time. We have tried to cut down this time so it might happen only for one or two minutes in a year. This too is automatically detected and gets corrected by itself. Tata Sky offers :- Tata Sky offers over 160 channels and services, designed to suit the varying needs of our subscribers. The packages include a wide array of television channels in DVD quality picture and CD quality sound and a host of new-age interactive services (Actve Cooking, Actve Wizkids, Actve Learning, Actve Stories, Actve Sports, Actve Games, Actve Matrimony, Actve STAR News, Actve Astrology, Actve Darshan and Actve Doordarshan). Showcase can be ordered with any of the Base packages. Different packages available on Tata Sky :- Base packages, designed to offer maximum choice.  » Super Hit Pack: Rs 99 per month  » South Starter Pack: Rs 125 per month  » Family Pack: Rs 200 per month  » Super Saver Pack: Rs 260 per month  » South Value Pack: Rs 260 per month  » South Jumbo Pack: Rs 310 per month Tata Sky also offers Add-On packages in addition to the Base packages. We can choose from  » Education Gold Pack: Rs 30 per month or Rs 300 per annum  » Lifestyle Gold Pack: Rs 45 per month or Rs 450 per annum  » Sports Gold Pack: Rs 30 per month Sports Platinum Pack: Rs 65 per month  » ESPN STAR Sports Pack: Rs 40 per month  » A La Carte Channels: Ten Sports Rs 15 per month, STAR Cricket Rs 25 per month ,Topper Rs 1010 annually Tata Sky’s SMS number :- SMS number is 56633. You can SMS only from your Registered Mobile Number (RMN). To register, send RMN to 56633 from your mobile phone. Advantages : (1) India’s first and only DTH service t o have made a joint venture with a reputed international DTH brand, Sky, which is famous for its exquisite technology. 2) The audio and video quality of TataSky stands up to the expectations of its users. Customers have reported about TataSky’s true DVD quality picture and CD quality sound. (3) Only TataSky gives its users an exclusive access to some authentic international channels which includes BBC Entertainment and Ceebebies. (4) TataSky offers uniform volume level across all channels, unlike other DTH services where the volume level keep varying with each ch. (5) The STB of TataSky is stable enough. There has been very less or no reports of TataSky STB bugs or issues till date. (6) TataSky users argue that its Customer Service is satisfactory. Issues are addressed on time and the after-sales support is great. Disadvantages : (1) TataSky has too many Add-on packs. Several add-on packs need to be subscribed to for enjoying all the chs, even after going with the highest pack. This makes the over-all package too costly. (2) The channel strength of TataSky is less compared to other DTH operators. This is because of the less no of Transponders purchased by them. Reliance BIG TV :- 9th Aug. 2008. Launched. Launched in August this year, Big TV is available at over one lakh retail outlets across 6,500 towns along with over 2,000 exclusive Reliance branded stores. Big TV to slash prices by over 40% Ashish Sinha / New Delhi October 17, 2008, 0:07 IST (Business Standard 15/12/2008) Reliance Anil Dhirubhai Ambani Group (R-ADAG) is all set to begin a price war in the direct-to-home (DTH) market by offering its connection about 43 per cent lower than any of the existing players. Big TV will offer its DTH service for Rs 1,490, while the lowest-priced connection is currently being offered by Dish TV at Rs 2,190, followed by Tata Sky at Rs 2,400. Big TV, which is the fourth entrant in the DTH space, is selling its service Rs 700 lower than its competitors. â€Å"This will be one of the biggest price cut offer by a DTH player for the coming Diwali season,† says Arun Kapoor, chief executive of Big TV. Reliance ADA Group has launched its DTH/satellite TV venture BIG TV, with 202 channels including 50 subscription VOD channels. The company says it is targeting 40 percent of the market within a year of launch, a very ambitious target, but will use all its muscle to promote it, including broadband Internet, mobile phones, home video, film production and the Adlabs cinema chain, reports Variety. Meanwhile, the company also mentioned that its IPTV service is ready and will launch within this year. Reliance has a deal with Microsoft (NSDQ: MSFT) under which the software giant supplied the IPTV software to the company for a $500 million licensing fee. BIG TV – 1 Millian. As on 25/11/08. (Source :- Televisionpoint. om) Future Investment Plan Right now this is the stage where the industry is in a phase of building the market. Just a few months ago when we launched BIG TV, the market penetration was in the range of 5–7% and today it has crossed 10%. So this is the stage when everyone is investing in terms of building and expanding the market and I am pleased to inform you that in the three months that we have been in the market it has expanded by 60%. In June-July the net addition in the month was around 600,000 and now we have crossed a million or will be around a million this month Advantages : 1) Big TV is has incorporated MPEG-4 technology unlike other DTH who are still on MPEG-2. The most basic difference between the two is that MPEG-4 is capable of carrying more chs in its offerings which means more chs can be added within a short span of time. After Dish TV, Big TV offers the highest no of chs. (2) Another merit of Big TV is its awesome picture and audio quality which are much better than any other existing DTH. For the first time, a DTH that lives up to the expectations for a true digital quality experience. (3) Big TV is perhaps the only DTH that offers several chs in its base pack. In fact, Big TV’s package and pricing is absolutely tailor-made to suit the exact needs of the customers. With this advantage, customer get more chs by paying less. (4) The Active or rather â€Å"Select† services on Big TV allows users to watch 12 chs at a time on a single screen unlike other DTH where you can watch a max of 6 – 8 chs. (5) Rain-fade is an issue that is common for all DTH. But its Big TV, so you can enjoy your favourite programs even when it rains. Big TV’s advanced technology lets you watch chs even when it rains heavily. Chs may blak-out for just about 5-6 seconds whereas in other DTHs, ch black-out lasts the entire length of the rain. Disadvantages : (1) The biggest problem of Big TV is its STB software which is still now not stable. Customers across India have reported about STB hanging problems innumerable no of times. STB gets over-heated, hangs several times, slow channel navigation, does not work after a manual update are some of the many issues that keep occcuring to the Big TV STBs. (2) Another demerit of Big TV is its Customer Care and Customer Service. The CC Executives lack professionalism in their behaviour. The after-sales support is too not good. (3) Incorrect package activations have happened with several users at times where the customer was wanting one pack and some other pack was activated instead. (4) The Big TV logo placed on the top left corner of screens is quite big and not transparent which is irritating. Whereas the logos of other DTH services are relatively smaller and of watermark type. Airtel Digital TV . (â€Å"Come Home To The Magic†) Bharti Airtel Limited announced the launch of Airtel digital TV , its Direct To Home (DTH) Satellite TV service. Airtel digital TV, which is a perfect blend of latest technology, unique features, and great content, promises to redefine the digital home entertainment experience. The service will be available to customers through 21,000 retail points including Airtel Relationship Centres in 62 cities across the country starting October 9, 2008 . With over 175 channels, the packages will start from Rs. 2499 for a six-month subscription in which the channel price band will range from Rs. 99 to Rs. 424. Vision promise By 2010 Airtel will be the most admired brand in India: Loved by more customers Targeted by top talent Benchmarked by more businesses Airtel always think in fresh and innovative ways about the needs of our customers and how we want them to feel. We deliver what we promise and go out of our way to delight the customer with a little bit more Besides the latest technology, Airtel digital TV brings many firsts to the DTH segment in India : †¢Universal remote for both Set Top Box and TV that offers enhanced viewer convenience; †¢Highest Set Top Box memory enabling more interactive applications; †¢Exclusive content such as World space Radio; Interactive applications such as iMatinee (Book cinema tickets), iTravel (Browse and book travel packages), iShop (Shop on TV for your favorite brands), iCity (Get your city’s information) and Widgets (Update yourself on latest stock news). 8 screen iNews, 2 / 4 screen iSports . †¢Amazing games with high quality graphics, refreshed every 6 weeks †¢Audio gain control for unifo rm audio levels across all channels †¢Simple and intuitive search †¢On screen account meter †¢Last viewed channel in case of power disruption/switch off †¢Low battery indicator on the screen These great viewing experience and unique features are backed by 24Ãâ€"7 customer care available in 8 different languages and a team of 800 professionally trained service engineers. Market Shares: Currently, the market is dominated by Essel Group’s Dish TV DTH service (about 4 million subscribers) followed by Tata Sky (2. 7 million subscribers), Sun Direct (1 million subscribers) and Big TV ( half million subscribers). State-owned Prasar Bharati’s DTH service DD Direct Plus is the only free-to-air service, where consumers do not pay any monthly subscription fees. According to sources, DD Direct Plus has a subscriber base of about 3-4 million subscribers, mostly in the remote corners of the country not connected by terrestrial or cable television. Advertising Strategy: Airtel has also launched a teaser campaign for its DTH service, called ‘See you at home soon’. It has four teasers – Masai (infotainment), Cowboy (movies), Band (music) and Meercats (kids). The common element is all these teasers is a big, red couch. Advantages : (1) Airtel Digital TV offers true DVD quality picture and CD quality sound which are absolutely flawless. So its customers can be assured of its crystal-clear video and stereophonic sound. (2) The external appreacnce of Digital TV STB is sleek and stylish unlike the STB of other DTH operators which are huge and bulky. Digital TV’s STB proves to be a fantastic eye-candy. (3) For the first time, Digital TV is a DTH that offers universal remotes for its users. So no more hassle of using two remotes at a time. (One for TV, the other for STB). Digital TV’s STB remotes (after programming) will work with both your TV as well with the STB. (4) Only Digital TV exclusively offers 10 popular and premium World-Space satellite radio chs to its subscribers. There is so much to hear, when you have World Space Radio with you, another first from Digital TV. (5) The Dish antenna of Digital TV is considerably bigger than other DTH dishes. This makes sure that you dont loose connectivity even when it rains wild. The bigger dish has been brought up keeping this aspect in mind. Disadvantages : (1) The only disadvantage of Digital TV is its price which is comparetively higher than any other DTH. The highest pack goes up to Rs. 424 per month which comes out to be too costly keeping in mind the present cut-throat competition in the DTH market. How to cite Dth Services in India, Papers